Ethnobotanical
Leaflets 13: 320-25. 2009. Antimicrobial Activity of Sphaeranthus
indicus L. V.
Duraipandiyan, P. Kannan and S. Ignacimuthu* Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India 600 034*Corresponding author, e-mail: entolc@hotmail.com
Issued 15 February 2009
|
Tested
organisms |
Zone of inhibition in diameter (mm) |
|||||||||||||||
Streptomycin |
Hexane (mg/disc) |
Benzene (mg/disc) |
Chloroform (mg/disc) |
Ethyl acetate (mg/disc) |
Acetone (mg/disc) |
|||||||||||
10 �g/disc |
1.25 |
2.5 |
5.0 |
1.25 |
2.5 |
5.0 |
1.25 |
2.5 |
5.0 |
1.25 |
2.5 |
5.0 |
1.25 |
2.5 |
5.0 |
|
Bacteria |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bacillus subtilis MTCC441 |
13 |
12 |
18 |
22 |
- |
9 |
12 |
- |
9 |
10 |
- |
9 |
12 |
- |
10 |
12 |
Staphylococcus
aureus |
12 |
11 |
15 |
17 |
- |
11 |
12 |
- |
9 |
10 |
- |
11 |
13 |
- |
- |
10 |
Staphylococcus epidermidis MTCC 3615 |
- |
12 |
16 |
19 |
- |
9 |
14 |
- |
- |
10 |
- |
12 |
13 |
- |
- |
10 |
Enterococcus
faecalis |
- |
8 |
10 |
12 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
10 |
- |
- |
9 |
Escherichia
coli |
13 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Klebsiella
pneumonia |
11 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Pseudomonas
aeruginosa |
13 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Fungi |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Candida
albicans MTCC 227 |
- |
9 |
10 |
12 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
-, no activity
Table 2.� Antimicrobial activity of the extracts of aerial parts of Sphaeranthus indicus by disc diffusion method.
Tested organisms |
Zone of inhibition in diameter (mm) |
|||||||||||||||
Streptomycin |
Hexane (mg/disc) |
Benzene (mg/disc) |
Chloroform (mg/disc) |
Ethyl acetate (mg/disc) |
Acetone (mg/disc) |
|||||||||||
10 �g/disc |
1.25 |
2.5 |
5.0 |
1.25 |
2.5 |
5.0 |
1.25 |
2.5 |
5.0 |
1.25 |
2.5 |
5.0 |
1.25 |
2.5 |
5.0 |
|
Bacteria |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441 |
13 |
10 |
13 |
18 |
- |
- |
11 |
- |
- |
12 |
- |
9 |
14 |
- |
- |
13 |
Staphylococcus
aureus |
12 |
11 |
13 |
16 |
- |
- |
10 |
- |
- |
10 |
- |
8 |
11 |
- |
- |
12 |
Staphylococcus
epidermidis |
- |
9 |
12 |
14 |
- |
9 |
12 |
- |
9 |
11 |
- |
- |
13 |
- |
- |
9 |
Enterococcus
faecalis |
- |
8 |
10 |
13 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
9 |
- |
8 |
11 |
- |
- |
- |
Escherichia
coli |
13 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Klebsiella
pneumonia |
11 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Pseudomonas
aeruginosa |
13 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Fungi |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Candida
albicans MTCC 227 |
- |
8 |
10 |
11 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
|
-, no activity
Table 3.� Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of
hexane extracts of Sphaeranthus indicus
by broth micro dilution method.
Tested
organisms |
Minimum
Inhibitory Concentration (mg/ml) |
|
Flower |
Aerial part |
|
Bacteria |
|
|
Bacillus subtilis �MTCC 441 |
0.31 |
2.5 |
Staphylococcus aureus |
0.15 |
5.0 |
Staphylococcus epidermidis MTCC 3615 |
5.0 |
5.0 |
Enterococcus faecalis |
1.25 |
5.0 |
Escherichia coli |
>5.0 |
>5.0 |
Klebsiella pneumonia |
>5.0 |
>5.0 |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
>5.0 |
>5.0 |
Fungi |
|
|
Candida albicans MTCC 227 |
0.15 |
1.25 |
Aspergillus |
1.25 |
2.5 |
Botrytis cinerea |
0.625 |
0.625 |
|